Artificial Intelligence as a New Challenge for Law and Legal Professional Ethics in Indonesia

Abstract

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought about significant changes in the practice of the legal profession through its application in legal research, document analysis, contract drafting, and legal consulting services. While offering benefits such as increased efficiency and effectiveness, the use of AI also raises various legal issues due to the absence of specific regulations governing its application within the Indonesian legal profession. This study aims to analyze the legal framework regarding the use of AI in the Indonesian legal profession and to examine the associated legal challenges. It employs a normative legal research method utilizing statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Data collection was conducted through a literature review, examining relevant academic literature, scholarly journals, policy documents, and other scholarly sources. The analysis was performed using a descriptive-analytical method involving the inventory, reduction, categorization, and interpretation of research materials. The findings indicate that Indonesia lacks comprehensive regulations governing AI; consequently, AI is currently treated as a legal object, with its operations remaining under human responsibility. Furthermore, the use of AI presents various legal challenges, including regulatory gaps, unclear legal liability, risks of privacy violations, algorithmic bias, and a lack of system transparency. Therefore, specific, adaptive regulations are required to ensure legal certainty, the protection of public rights, and the professionalism of the legal practice in the digital era.