Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah's Perspective on Fiqh al-Bī‘ah: Developing Islamic Law Based on Ecological Justice in the Face of the Climate Crisis
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Abstract
The sustainability of human life and the balance of natural ecosystems are at risk due to the global climate catastrophe, which has developed into an ecological problem. However, ethical knowledge regarding the relationship between humans and the environment has not yet been fully established by modern legal strategies. This article's objective is to analyse the concept of fiqh al-Bī'ah from the perspective of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, considering it as an Islamic legal framework that addresses the climatic issue and is based on ecological justice. This study examines Islamic legal literature, maqāṣid philosophy, and Islamic ecological thought using a normative juridical method and a conceptual approach. The findings demonstrate that fiqh al-Bī'ah incorporates the goals of Islamic law in protecting human well-being and the sustainability of ecosystems by upholding the principles of hifḍz al-nafs, hifḍz al-nasl, and environmental protection in addition to prohibiting environmental exploitation. The paper contends that an alternative framework for developing Islamic law that tackles the difficulties presented by the current climate crisis can be created by merging fiqh al-Bī’ah and Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah.
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