Analisis Hadits Terkait Larangan Minum Berdiri Bagi Kesehatan dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam

Abstract

This study examines the hadith prohibiting drinking while standing, focusing on analysis of the texts (matan), hadith jurisprudence (fiqhul hadith), and their relevance to health. Hadith prohibiting drinking while standing are found in several hadith books, such as Sunan Ibn Majah, Sahih Bukhari, and Sahih Muslim. This study used a qualitative method with a literature review approach through analysis of the hadith and the opinions of scholars. The results indicate that the prohibition on drinking while standing is not understood as an absolute prohibition, but rather as a recommendation for etiquette to drink in a more virtuous sitting position. This is based on other narrations that describe the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) drinking while standing under certain circumstances. From a fiqhul hadith perspective, scholars explain that drinking while sitting reflects calmness, politeness, and caution. Meanwhile, from a health perspective, drinking while sitting is considered better for the digestive system and helps the body function more optimally than drinking while standing continuously. This article further places the issue within Islamic legal reasoning by examining the legal status of the prohibition through usul al-fiqh, taklifi legal classification, jam’u wa al-taufiq, maslahah, and maqasid al-shari’ah. The legal analysis confirms that health considerations should not be treated as the sole legal ratio (illah) of the ruling, but as hikmah and supporting consideration that strengthens the ethical and preventive character of Islamic law. Thus, the hadith prohibiting drinking while standing contains educational, ethical, legal, and health values that remain relevant in modern life.